The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host defense, as demonstrated by its ability to modulate both innate and acquired immunity at the local and systemic levels. Because of immunological properties, specific strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), often contained in probiotics, have attracted increasing clinical interest in recent years.
The mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory properties of probiotics are not yet fully understood. However, it is thought that these properties could be due to the ability of probiotics to correct gut dysbiosis and/or mediate host responses through a direct adjuvant effect on phlogosis-related molecu...
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